PROGRAMMING (*M.N. Sison*)

PROGRAMMING

n \n – is a line char used to move the cursor to the next linen

‘ ‘ – single quote is used for single character / letter.n

“ “ – double quote is used for two or more charactern

{ - open curly brace signifies beginn } – close curly brace signifies endn & - address of operatorn * - indirection operator / pointer

Structure of a simple C program

#include

#define directive

main()

{variable declaration section;

____________________________________________}

Commonly used include files in C language

.n alloc.h – declares memory management functions

.n conio.h – declares various functions used in calling IBM-PC ROM BIOS

.n ctype.h – contains information used by the calssification and character convertion macros.n math.h – declares prototype for the math functions

.n stdio.h – defines types and macros needed for standard I/O

.n string.h – declares several string manipulation and memory manipulation routines.

Types of Conditional Statement

The If Statement

The If-Else Statement

The Nested-If Statement

The If-Else-If Ladder

The Switch Statement

The Nested Switch Statement

The general form of the If statement is:

if ( expression)

statement;

The general form of the If statement with block statement is:

if ( expression)

{

statement_sequence;

}

The general form of the if-else statement is:

If (expression)

statement_1;

else

statement_2;

The general form of the if-else statement with block of statement is:

If (expression)

{

statement_sequence;

}

else

{

statement_sequence;

}

The general form of the if-else-if ladder statement is:

if ( expression_1)

statement_1;

else if (expression_2)

statement_2;

else if (expression_3;

statement_3;

:

:

else

statement_else;

The general form of the switch statement is:

switch (variable)

{

case constant1:

statement sequence_1;

break;case constant2:

statement_sequence_2;

break;

:

:

default:

statement_sequence_default;

}

The general form of the nested switch statement is:

switch (variable)

{

case constant:{

switch (variable)

{

case constant1:

statement sequence_1;

break;

case constant2:

statement_sequence_2;

break;

}

break;

}

case constant2:

statement sequence;

break;

default:

statement sequence;

}