A diagram representing the logical sequence in which a combination of steps is to be performed.
A common method of defining the logical steps of flow within a program by using a series of symbols to identify the basic input, process and output function within a program.
- Algorithm-is a finite set of instruction that specify a sequence of operations to be carried out in order to solve a specific problem or class of problems.Basic symbols used in flowcharting:
- Terminal- it is used to signify the beginning and the end.
Preparation/ initialization- signifies the preparation of data. used to select initial conditions. Used to represent instructions or groups of instructions that will alter or modify a program's course of execution. - Input/Output- shows input and output. data are to be read inro the omputer's memory from an input device or data are to be passed fom the memory to an output device.
- Processing- performs any calculations that are to be done.
- Decision- signifies any decisions to be done.
- On – page Connector- Shows the entry or exit point of the flowchart. A non – processing symbol used to connect one part of the flowchart to another without drawing flow lines.
- Off – page Connector- Designated entry to or exit from one page when a flowchart requires more than one page.
- Flow lines- Signifies the process that is to be executed next.
- Sequence
- Selection
- Repetition
Sequence- a process executed from one to another in a straightforward manner.
Selection (if- then- else)- a choice is provided between alternatives.
Repetition (Looping) - provides for the rpetitive exection of an operation or routine while the conditio is true.
Commonly Used Operators in Flowcharting
Arithmetic operators
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ division
Relational Operators
Equal ,lesser than,greater than, not equal, greater than or equal to, lesser than or equal to
Logical Operators
&&- and
ll or
! not
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